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until / not until　互動文法練習　第 2 回

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📘 開始前先讀：五條規則 + 易錯點

規則 ①　until ＝「一直到…為止」（配持續性動詞）

動作從頭一路持續到那個時間點才結束，句子是肯定的。

He worked until midnight.（他一直工作到半夜）
常見持續動詞： waitstayworksleeplive studykeepremainbe opentalk

規則 ②　not…until ＝「直到…才」（配瞬間性動詞）

動作只發生「一瞬間」，不能持續，所以主句必須加否定。這是最常考的一條。

He didn't go to bed until midnight.（他到半夜才睡）
He went to bed until midnight.（go to bed 無法持續）
常見瞬間動詞： go to bedleavestartarrivecome knowrealizefindstopreceive buyfinishget married

規則 ③　Not until 放句首 → 主句倒裝

公式：Not until ＋ 子句／時間 ＋ 助動詞 ＋ 主詞 ＋ 原形動詞。
倒裝的只有「主句」，until 子句維持正常語序；主句不再加 not。

Not until he apologized did I forgive him.
Not until he apologized I forgave him.（忘了倒裝）
Not until he apologized did I forgave him.（did 後要用原形）

規則 ④　It was not until… that…（強調句）

公式：It was not until ＋ 被強調的時間 ＋ that ＋ 正常語序。
that 之後不倒裝、不能換成 when、也不再加 not。

It was not until she spoke that I recognized her.
It was not until she spoke that did I recognize her.
It was not until she spoke when I recognized her.

規則 ⑤　時間副詞子句：用現在式代替未來式

until / before / when 引導時間子句時，即使講未來，也要用現在式。

I will wait until you come back.
I will wait until you will come back.
常見錯誤正確寫法
I knew it until yesterday.I didn't know it until yesterday.
Not until he came, I left.Not until he came did I leave.
It was not until then that did I know.It was not until then that I knew.
I'll wait until he will come.I'll wait until he comes.
We must arrive until it gets dark.We must arrive before it gets dark.
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