👆 點擊每個句型標題,展開「公式 + 例句 + 常見錯誤 + 學測重點」。
句型一|動名詞(V-ing)當主詞▼
[ V-ing + 受詞/修飾語 ] + 單數動詞 ...
動名詞片語當主詞時,視為「一件事」,動詞用單數。
Taking online classes at home
was a new experience for Robbie.
在家上網路課對羅比而言是個新體驗。
Reflecting on your mistakes
is the best way to grow.
反省你的錯誤是成長最好的方式。
不可用動詞原形(Learn)或 To learning(不定詞不加 -ing)當主詞。
學測常考 V-ing 主詞 vs. to V 主詞;enjoy/avoid/finish + V-ing 也是必考。
句型二|so + adj./adv. + that(如此…以至於)▼
S + V + so + adj./adv. + that + S + V(結果)
S + V + such + a/an + adj. + N + that + S + V
表「程度高,導致某結果」。so 接形容詞/副詞,such 接名詞片語。
Nancy was
so excited
that she could barely sleep.
南希如此興奮,以至於幾乎睡不著。
It was
such a memorable trip
that she couldn't stop talking about it.
那是一趟如此難忘的旅行,以至於她講個不停。
✗ so an excited girl(so 後不接冠詞+名詞);✓ such an excited girl。
學測常考 so / such / too / enough 辨析。
句型三|used to vs. be used to▼
used to + V原形(過去習慣,現已不再)
be / get used to + V-ing / N(習慣於)
最常被混淆的句型!差一個 be 動詞意思完全不同。
Robbie
used to go to school for every class.
羅比以前每堂課都去學校上。(過去習慣)
Now he
is used to studying in his pajamas.
現在他習慣穿睡衣讀書了。(已習慣)
✗ is used to go(to 後要接 V-ing 或名詞,不是原形)。
113學測綜合測驗考過 used to be 相關用法。
句型四|情感形容詞:-ed(人)vs. -ing(事)▼
人 + feel/be + -ed 形容詞(人的感受)
事物 + be + -ing 形容詞(事物的性質)
口訣:人 + ed,事 + ing。學測最高頻文法考點之一!
| 人的感受(-ed) | 事物的性質(-ing) |
| embarrassed 感到尷尬 | embarrassing 令人尷尬的 |
| depressed 感到沮喪 | depressing 令人沮喪的 |
| excited 感到興奮 | exciting 令人興奮的 |
| interested 感到有興趣 | interesting 有趣的 |
Claire felt
embarrassed. / The moment was
embarrassing.
克萊兒感到尷尬。/那一刻令人尷尬。
✗ I feel embarrassing. ✗ The situation was embarrassed.(兩者皆錯)
句型五|時間副詞子句:when / while / after▼
When S + V-ed, S + V-ed.(當…時)
While S + was V-ing, S + V-ed.(在…過程中)
After S + V-ed, S + V-ed.(在…之後)
When the time came for me to step onto the stage, I was nervous.
當輪到我上台時,我很緊張。(課文)
While she was in Seoul, Nancy visited several old buildings.
南希在首爾期間,參觀了幾棟古老建築。
| 連接詞 | 重點用法 |
| when | 時間點、突發事件 |
| while | 同時進行,常用進行式 |
| after | 強調先後順序 |
113學測考 while/when/after 辨析;112學測考 despite(儘管)對比詞。