👆 點擊每個句型標題，展開「公式 + 例句 + 常見錯誤 + 段考重點」。
句型一｜問天氣：How is the weather? ＝ What is the weather like?▼
How is / was the weather + (in 地點) + (時間)?
What is / was the weather like + (in 地點) + (時間)?
→ It is / was + 天氣形容詞. It is cool. / It is sunny and hot.
兩句意思相同。What … like? 的 like 是介系詞「像」，What 是它的受詞，所以 like 不能漏；How 本身就是「如何」，後面不能加 like。
How
was the weather there? — It was hot, and it rained a lot.
那裡天氣如何？——很熱，而且常下雨。（課文 Dialogue A）
What
was the weather
like? — It was cold, and it snowed for a few days.
天氣怎麼樣？——很冷，還下了好幾天的雪。（課文 Dialogue A）
What is the weather like in India in summer?
印度夏天的天氣怎麼樣？（Grammar Focus 1A）
✗ How’s the weather like? ✗ What’s the weather in Taipei?（少 like） ✗ How was your trip? — I have a good time.（時態要 had）
25 校考這組問句、11 校專考「like 要不要」。問句是 was → 答句也用 was／過去式動詞。
句型二｜天氣三說法：It rains / There is rain / We have rain▼
① It + rains / snows（動詞） It snows on Hehuanshan.
② There is + snow / rain（名詞） There is snow on Hehuanshan.
③ We have + snow / rain（名詞） We have snow on Hehuanshan.
④ It is + rainy / snowy（形容詞） It is snowy on Hehuanshan.
過去：It rained a lot. ＝ There was a lot of rain. ＝ We had a lot of rain.
關鍵是 rain / snow 在句中的詞性：動詞 → 主詞用 it；名詞 → There is / We have；形容詞 → It is。
| 名詞 | 動詞（三單／過去） | 形容詞 |
|---|
| rain 雨 | rains / rained | rainy |
| snow 雪 | snows / snowed | snowy |
| wind 風 | — | windy |
| cloud 雲 | — | cloudy |
| sun 太陽 | — | sunny |
It
rained a lot in Taipei last summer. ＝ There
was a lot of rain in Taipei last summer. ＝ We
had a lot of rain in Taipei last summer.
去年夏天臺北下了很多雨。（Grammar Focus 1B，過去式三種都要變）
It snows a lot in Quebec City in December.
魁北克市十二月常下雪。（常態事實 → 現在式）
✗ There are a lot of rain.（rain 不可數 → is） ✗ It is rain.（rain 不是形容詞） ✗ Is it rain a lot?（→ Does it rain a lot?） ✗ It has snow.
25 校考天氣 It / There 句型，是翰林第一次段考的頭號陷阱。解題步驟：① 看空格後是動詞、名詞還是形容詞 ② 看時間決定 is / was、rains / rained。
句型三｜授與動詞（雙受詞）：to 型與 for 型▼
① S + V + 人 + 物 My uncle sent me a postcard.
② S + V + 物 + to + 人 write, send, give, show（lend, teach, sell, read, take）
②’ S + V + 物 + for + 人 buy, make（cook, get）
※ 物是代名詞 it / them → 只能用②：My parents gave it to me.（✗ gave me it）
| 動詞 | ① V + 人 + 物 | ② V + 物 + to / for + 人 |
|---|
| send → sent | I sent you a postcard. | I sent a postcard to you. |
| give → gave | My parents gave me a jacket. | My parents gave it to me. |
| write → wrote | The man wrote his kid a card. | The man wrote a card to his kid. |
| buy → bought | Kate bought Pat a jacket. | Kate bought a jacket for Pat. |
| make → made | Uncle Sam made me a kite. | Uncle Sam made a kite for me. |
My parents gave
it to me for my birthday.
那是我爸媽送我的生日禮物。（課文：代名詞 it → 只能用 to 句型）
✗ I bought a gift to you.（buy 用 for） ✗ He gave me it. ✗ She sent to me a card.（介系詞片語放在物後面）
雙受詞 27 / 28 校都考，17 校考 to / for 與代名詞位置。口訣：「送出去」(send, give, show, write, lend) 用 to；「替人買、做」(buy, make) 用 for。
句型四｜borrow vs. lend：東西往哪個方向走？▼
borrow（借入）：S + borrow + 物 + from + 人 I borrowed it from my aunt.
lend （借出）：S + lend + 人 + 物 She also lent me her gloves.
S + lend + 物 + to + 人 She lent her gloves to me.
過去式：borrow → borrowed lend → lent
先看主詞：主詞「拿進來」→ borrow；主詞「拿出去」→ lend。borrow 不能接雙受詞。
| 中文 | ✓ 正確 | ✗ 錯誤 |
|---|
| 我向阿姨借滑雪板 | I borrowed a snowboard from my aunt. | I borrowed my aunt a snowboard. |
| 阿姨借我手套 | She lent me her gloves. / She lent her gloves to me. | She borrowed me her gloves. |
| 可以借我嗎？ | Can I borrow your pen? / Can you lend me your pen? | Can you borrow me your pen? |
I
borrowed it
from my aunt. She also
lent me her gloves.
我是向我阿姨借的。她也借我她的手套。（課文 Dialogue B）
✗ lended ✗ borrow…to ✗ lend…from ✗ lent me it（代名詞 → lent it to me）
borrow 26 校、lend 20 校，是翰林第一次段考最高頻的兩個字；課本 Dialogue B 的這兩句是最常考的翻譯句。
句型五｜Reading：in fact 轉折語＋明信片格式＋不規則過去式▼
A（以為的情況）. But in fact, B（真正的情況）.
明信片：greeting 問候語 → body 內容 → closing 結尾語 → signature 簽名；recipient 收件人＋address 地址
不規則過去式：send-sent lend-lent give-gave speak-spoke mean-meant say-said get-got
A man said “go die” to me on the street, and I was so mad. But
in fact, he meant “good day.”
有位男士對我說「去死」，我很生氣。但事實上，他的意思是「日安」。（in fact 修正前面的誤會）
| 元素 | 本課明信片 |
|---|
| greeting 問候語 | Dear Zac, |
| body 訊息內容 | How are you doing? … see you at school soon. |
| closing 結尾語 | Your friend,（另有 Sincerely, Regards, Best wishes, Yours truly） |
| signature 簽名 | Jamie |
| recipient＋address | Zac Hugo / No. 30, Yuren Rd., / Taipei 11249 / Taiwan (ROC) |
英文地址由小到大：門牌 → 路 → 城市＋郵遞區號 → 國家（中文相反）。✗ Did you got it?（Did 後用原形） ✗ sended / lended / meaned
25 校考過去式變化；in fact 14 校考。